Types of Over the Counter ADHD Medication
The drugs treat ADHD by targeting the brain chemical that affects attention and impulse control. They are available in different forms, from tablets that can be swallowed or chewed to liquids and patches.
Stimulants, such as methylphenidate (brand names Ritalin and Concerta) stimulate activity in the parts of the brain responsible for attention. There are also long-acting versions of these medications that release medication continuously throughout the day, helping minimize symptoms.
Non-stimulant medications
Many people use medications to enhance their attention and impulse control. The most effective drugs are stimulants that increase the brain chemicals norepinephrine and dopamine however, these medications can be addictive. If your doctor believes that stimulants don't work or have adverse negative side effects, they might suggest switching to non-stimulant medications. These drugs require longer to work, but can alleviate symptoms. They could also work better when combined with other treatment methods.
Non-stimulant and stimulant medications are the two primary kinds of ADHD medications. The stimulants that are most commonly used to treat ADHD are amphetamines and methylphenidate. There are several different types of these medications including immediate-release and longer-acting versions. Instant-release stimulants are able to be taken at any time and are typically taken at the beginning of the day. Long-acting stimulants are usually taken once a day in the morning. They last between six and sixteen hours. Most people who use these medications combine long-acting medication with immediate-release medications to manage their symptoms during the day.
There are two types of non-stimulant medications that are used to treat ADHD: norepinephrine modulators and alpha agonists. Norepinephrine modulators include atomoxetine (Stattera) and Guanfacine (Tenex, Intuniv). The alpha agonists used to treat ADHD are clonidine (Catapres, Kapvay) and Guanfacine (Tenex, intuniv). Teenagers with substance abuse issues or addiction to drugs could be at risk of taking stimulant medication. Non-stimulant medication could be a viable alternative for this type of person because it doesn't come with the same addiction potential or side negative effects.
Many people find that their first ADHD medication does not work or causes side effects that are bothersome. It's important that you speak to your doctor and test various medications if needed. Your doctor will be able to tell you if the medication you are taking is effective by looking for specific side effects like heart rate fluctuations, ringing ears, or a change in blood pressure. It is also important to discuss any other medications or supplements that your child or you are taking, whether they are prescribed or over the available.
Antidepressants
Stimulant medications are the most common type of treatment for ADHD. They stimulate the central nervous system which increase alertness and reduce distraction. They can also improve your focus and have the added benefit of being able assist you in gaining control of your emotions and behaviors. These medications are typically well-tolerated by the majority of people, however there are some adverse effects. Some people experience a decrease of appetite or drowsiness while others experience an increased heart rate or sleepiness. People with an underlying history of depression or bipolar disorder are more at risk of developing psychosis when taking stimulant medications.
Some stimulant drugs can cause people to feel extremely angry or even aggressive initially, particularly when they are taking them for the first time. If these symptoms persist and they are not getting better, they should speak to their doctor about changing the dosage or attempting another medication. Stimulants may also increase blood pressure and cause seizures in some individuals. The medications can also alter sexual function, with some people experiencing delayed ejaculation and a decreased desire to have sexual intimacy.
Some antidepressants, including serotonin-boosting drugs, can also affect the effectiveness of certain ADHD medications. This can result in a loss of effectiveness, which is why it's crucial for those suffering from both conditions to discuss their treatment needs with their doctor.
Many adults and children with ADHD are also suffering from anxiety or depression and these disorders can affect certain ADHD medications. It is crucial to discuss both conditions with your doctor, since you might be able to locate the right medication to treat all of your symptoms.
Antidepressants are usually well-tolerated by teens and adolescents however they should be monitored for suicidal thoughts. If suicidal feelings are severe or persistent, consult a physician immediately. Contact 911 or the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline 1-800-273-8255.
Certain antidepressants can cause feelings of guilt, agitation and despair. This is especially true of tricyclic antidepressants like imipramine (Tofranil) and nortriptyline (Aventyl, Pamelor). These drugs are typically prescribed off-label for ADHD but they can be useful in treating ADHD when other treatments have been unsuccessful.
Blood pressure medications
The medications that reduce blood pressure can aid in controlling ADHD symptoms, such as problems with sleep and aggression. Clonidine (Catapres), long-acting Guanfacine (Intuniv) and Atomoxetine (Atomoxetine) belong to a group of drugs known as alpha-agonists, which are approved to treat high blood pressure, but have been used "off label" for many years to treat ADHD. These medications reduce tics as well as improve sleep and attentiveness. medication for adhd decrease heart rate and blood-pressure, making them safer than stimulants.
It's unclear whether these medications have a long-term effect on the development of brain cells among children and adolescents. Researchers also don't know if they have a lasting impact on heart-related issues in these individuals, so some experts are skeptical of their use. Certain people could be at a higher risk of seizures when they are taking these drugs. The American Heart Association recommends people with a past of stroke, heart disease or other cardiovascular problems to have a cardiac assessment before starting these medicines.
Stimulant ADHD medication can create a habit and can increase heart rate and blood pressure. It also has negative effects on appetite and sleep. In addition it's not recommended for babies and young children. It also has negative effects on the brains of children, which could cause addiction to drugs.
The FDA warns adults and teens with ADHD who suffer from depression or anxiety but haven't been treated for it, to avoid stimulant drugs. These people should consider psychosocial treatment, which involves the use of behavioral therapy to help develop positive strategies for coping and improve social interactions.
Some prescription ADHD medications can trigger side effects such as stomach upset, headaches, and sleep problems. If the side effects are severe, your doctor may lower the dosage or change you to a different medication. If you notice any serious side effects, such as heart palpitations and hallucinations, call your doctor right away.
The over-the-counter medicines and supplements aren't helpful for treating ADHD even if they claim to help. Many supplements and vitamins do not have a scientific basis, and some may interact with certain medications. It is essential to inform your doctor about all the supplements and medications you take, including over-the-counter ones.
Other medicines
Most clinical guidelines recommend stimulant medications as the first choice for treatment for ADHD. Non-stimulant medications can be equally effective in certain instances. Atomoxetine (Strattera) and viloxazine (Qelbree) are FDA-approved nonstimulant ADHD medications, and clonidine ER and guanfacine ER can be prescribed to children ages 6 to 17. These medications boost certain brain chemicals that increase working memory, attention span and impulse control.
Many doctors prescribe additional treatments for ADHD in addition to these medications. They are usually antidepressants or other drugs that alter brain chemical. Bupropion (Wellbutrin) is an antidepressant which can help people suffering from ADHD and tetrahydrozoline methylphenidate (Adderall XR) is a different stimulant medication often used off-label to treat the condition.
These medications may be available as capsules, tablets liquid, patches or capsules. It's important to study the labels carefully to be sure you or your child is taking the right dose. Also, make sure to tell your doctor about any other medications or supplements you use, including prescription medications and herbal remedies. Certain medications can trigger unwanted side effects and interact with ADHD medication.
Natural remedies for ADHD might help a few people, but they do not have the same scientific backing as FDA-approved medicines. For example, the herb DMAA (1,3-dimethylamylamine) is sometimes sold as an over-the-counter ADHD treatment, but the FDA warns that it can increase blood pressure and heart rate, which can lead to serious health problems. St. John's Wort is another herb that people recommend for ADHD. However the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health states that there isn't enough evidence to support its efficacy.
Over-the-counter ADHD medication is not an alternative to medical treatment. Talk to your doctor if you or your child exhibits symptoms of the disorder. Consult your physician about the best treatment options should you or your child decide that prescription medication is the best option. He or she will consider your family's lifestyle, any other medication your child uses, as well as your medical history to identify the best medication for you.